1. Introduction to C95500 Nickel Aluminum Bronze
C95500 is a premium grade nickel aluminum bronze alloy known for its exceptional strength, corrosion resistance, and reliability in demanding applications. This comprehensive analysis covers all aspects of material standards and specifications for C95500 tubes.
2. Chemical Composition Standards
2.1 Primary Composition Requirements
| Элемент | Диапазон состава (%) | Preferred Range (%) | Effects on Properties |
|---|---|---|---|
| Медь | 78.0 – 82.0 | 80.0 – 81.0 | Base metal, provides matrix structure |
| Никель (Ni) | 3.0 – 5.5 | 4,0 – 5,0 | Improves strength and corrosion resistance |
| Алюминий (Al) | 8.2 – 9.5 | 8.5 – 9.0 | Forms strengthening precipitates |
| Железо (Fe) | 3,5 – 4,5 | 3.8 – 4.2 | Enhances grain refinement |
| Марганец (Mn) | 00,8 – 1,5 | 1.0 – 1.3 | Improves deoxidation |
2.2 Trace Element Limitations
| Элемент | Maximum Limit (%) | Critical Control Point |
|---|---|---|
| Кремний (Si) | 0.10 | Affects fluidity |
| Свинец (Pb) | 00,03 | Toxicity control |
| Цинк (Zn) | 0.20 | Dezincification resistance |
| Фосфор (Р) | 00,05 | Grain refinement |
| Сера (S) | 00,05 | Impurity control |
3. Mechanical Properties Standards
3.1 Room Temperature Mechanical Properties
| Имущество | Формование и изгиб | Формование и изгиб | Метод испытания |
|---|---|---|---|
| Прочность на растяжение (МПа) | 650 | 790 | АСТМ Е8 |
| Предел текучести (МПа) | 280 | 450 | АСТМ Е8 |
| Удлинение (%) | 15 | - | АСТМ Е8 |
| Reduction in Area (%) | 20 | - | АСТМ Е8 |
| Твердость (по Бринеллю) | 170 | 210 | ASTM E10 |
| Impact Strength (Joules) | 34 | - | ASTM E23 |
3.2 Elevated Temperature Properties
| Температура (°С) | Прочность на растяжение (МПа) | Предел текучести (МПа) | Удлинение (%) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20 | 720 | 350 | 15 |
| 100 | 680 | 330 | 16 |
| 200 | 630 | 300 | 18 |
| 300 | 550 | 270 | 20 |
| 400 | 450 | 230 | 22 |
| 500 | 350 | 180 | 25 |
4. Physical Properties Standards
4.1 Basic Physical Properties
| Имущество | Формование и изгиб | Единицы | Метод испытания |
|---|---|---|---|
| Плотность | 7.58 | г / см³ | ASTM B311 |
| Диапазон плавления | 1045-1080 | ° C | DSC Analysis |
| Удельная теплоемкость | 0.377 | kJ/kg·K | ASTM E1269 |
| Формование и изгиб | 45 | W/m·K | ASTM E1530 |
| Удельное электрическое сопротивление | 12,8 | μΩ·cm | ASTM B193 |
| Magnetic Permeability | 1.05 | - | ASTM A342 |
4.2 Thermal Properties
| Имущество | Temperature Range (°C) | Формование и изгиб | Единицы |
|---|---|---|---|
| Коэффициент теплового расширения | 20-100 | 16.2 | μm/m·K |
| Коэффициент теплового расширения | 20-200 | 16.8 | μm/m·K |
| Коэффициент теплового расширения | 20-300 | 17.3 | μm/m·K |
| Удельная теплоемкость | 20-100 | 0.377 | kJ/kg·K |
| Температуропроводность | 20-100 | 15.8 | mm²/s |
5. Dimensional Standards
5.1 Standard Tube Dimensions
| Nominal OD (mm) | Wall Thickness Options (mm) | Standard Lengths (m) | Weight (kg/m) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 15.88 – 25.4 | 1.65, 2.11, 3.38 | 3, 6 | 0.6 – 1.8 |
| 31.75 – 50.8 | 2.11, 3.18, 4.78 | 3, 6 | 1.5 – 5.2 |
| 63.5 – 101.6 | 3.18, 4.78, 6.35 | 3, 6 | 4.8 – 15.3 |
| 114.3 – 219.1 | 4.78, 6.35, 12.7 | 3, 6 | 13.2 – 65.8 |
| 273.0 – 406.4 | 6.35, 12.7, 19.1 | 3, 6 | 41.5 – 182.6 |
5.2 Manufacturing Tolerances
| Измерение | Диапазон размеров | Толерантность | Inspection Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Outside Diameter | ≤ 50mm | ±0.25mm | Micrometer |
| Outside Diameter | > 50mm | ±0.5% | Caliper |
| Толщина стенки | All | ±10% | Ultrasonic |
| Длина | All | +3mm, -0mm | Tape Measure |
| Straightness | All | 1.5mm/m | Straightedge |
| Ovality | All | 1% of OD | Dial Gauge |
6. Surface Finish Requirements
6.1 Surface Finish Classifications
| Класс | Ra Value (μm) | заявка | Inspection Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Class A | 0.4 – 0.8 | Critical Flow | Profilometer |
| Class B | 0.8 – 1.6 | General Hydraulic | Visual + Measurement |
| Class C | 1.6 – 3.2 | Standard Industrial | Visual |
| Class D | 3.2 – 6.3 | Non-Critical | Visual |
6.2 Surface Defect Tolerances
| Defect Type | Maximum Allowable Depth | Maximum Length | Repair Method |
|---|---|---|---|
| Scratches | 0.1mm | 25mm | все более совершенные и новые улучшенные сорта литейной стали |
| Pits | 0.2mm | 3mm | Not Required |
| Dents | Not Allowed | - | Rejection |
| Tool Marks | 0.05mm | 10mm | все более совершенные и новые улучшенные сорта литейной стали |
7. Quality Control Standards
7.1 Required Testing Procedures
| Test Type | Стандарт | Frequency | Acceptance Criteria |
|---|---|---|---|
| Химический анализ | АСТМ Е478 | Per Heat | Within Composition Limits |
| Испытание на растяжение | АСТМ Е8 | Per Lot | Meet Mechanical Properties |
| Испытание твердости | ASTM E10 | Per Lot | Within Specified Range |
| Ультразвуковой контроль | ASTM E213 | 100% | No Reportable Indications |
| Hydrostatic Testing | ASTM E498 | 100% | No Leakage |
| Visual Inspection | ASTM B666 | 100% | No Visual Defects |
7.2 Non-Destructive Testing Requirements
| NDT Method | Стандарт | Coverage | Acceptance Level |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ultrasonic | ASTM E213 | 100% | Class 1 |
| Penetrant | ASTM E165 | As Required | Level 2 |
| Radiographic | АСТМ Е1742 | As Required | Level 2 |
| Eddy Current | ASTM E243 | Optional | Class 1 |
8. Heat Treatment Standards
8.1 Heat Treatment Parameters
| Процесс | Temperature Range (°C) | Time (Hours) | Метод охлаждения |
|---|---|---|---|
| Отжиг раствора | 870-900 | 1-2 | Water Quench |
| Формование и изгиб | 350-400 | 2-3 | Air Cool |
| Возрастная закалка | 450-500 | 2-4 | Air Cool |
| Гомогенизация | 750-800 | 4-6 | Furnace Cool |
8.2 Post-Heat Treatment Properties
| Имущество | As-Cast | Отожженный раствор | Age Hardened |
|---|---|---|---|
| Прочность на растяжение (МПа) | 550-650 | 650-750 | 700-800 |
| Предел текучести (МПа) | 250-300 | 280-350 | 350-450 |
| Удлинение (%) | 12-15 | 15-18 | 10-15 |
| Твердость (HB) | 150-170 | 170-190 | 190-220 |
9. Corrosion Resistance Standards
9.1 Corrosion Rate Data
| Среда | Температура (°С) | Corrosion Rate (mm/year) | Метод испытания |
|---|---|---|---|
| Морская вода | 20 | 00,025 | АСТМ G31 |
| Пресная вода | 20 | 0.013 | АСТМ G31 |
| 3% NaCl | 20 | 0.028 | АСТМ G31 |
| 10% H₂SO₄ | 20 | 0.15 | АСТМ G31 |
| Индустриальная атмосфера | 20 | 0.008 | ASTM G50 |
9.2 Galvanic Compatibility
| Coupled Material | Galvanic Potential (mV) | Compatibility Rating |
|---|---|---|
| Нержавеющая сталь 316 | +50 | Хороший |
| Углеродистая сталь | -300 | Бедных |
| Монелс 400 | +30 | Превосходно |
| Титан | +200 | высокая проводимость |
| Алюминиевая бронза | -20 | Превосходно |
10. Industry-Specific Standards
10.1 Marine Industry Requirements
| Стандарт | Organization | Требования | заявка |
|---|---|---|---|
| NACE MR0175 | NACE | Sour Service | Offshore |
| DNV-GL Rules | DNV-GL | Marine Grade | Shipbuilding |
| ABS Rules | АБС | Marine Grade | Naval Vessels |
| Lloyd’s Register | LR | Marine Grade | Commercial Marine |
10.2 Pressure Equipment Standards
| Стандарт | Область | Pressure Rating | Диапазон температур |
|---|---|---|---|
| ASME B31.3 | Международный | Class 150-300 | -29°C to 260°C |
| PED 2014/68/ЕС | Европа | Category I-IV | -10°C to 200°C |
| AS1210 | Австралия | Class 150-300 | -20°C to 200°C |
| JIS B8285 | Япония | K10-K20 | -10°C to 200°C |
11. Certification Requirements
11.1 Material Certification Types
| Certificate Type | Стандарт | Содержание | заявка |
|---|---|---|---|
| 3.1 Certificate | EN 10204 | Chemical & Mechanical | Стандарт |
| 3.2 Certificate | EN 10204 | Third Party Verified | Critical Service |
| Type Test | ASTM A450 | Production Testing | Qualification |
| PMI Certificate | ASTM E1916 | Material Verification | Special Cases |
11.2 Quality System Requirements
| Втулки | Стандарт | Сфера | Audit Frequency |
|---|---|---|---|
| ISO 9001 | Quality Management | Full System | Annual |
| ISO 14001 | Environmental | Воздействие на окружающую среду | Annual |
| ISO 45001 | Безопасность | Occupational Health | Annual |
| API Q1 | Oil & Gas | Product Quality | Biennial |
12. Storage and Handling Standards
12.1 Storage Requirements
| Аспект | Requirement | Monitoring | Документация |
|---|---|---|---|
| Температура | 10-30°C | Daily | Log Sheet |
| Humidity | <60% RH | Daily | Log Sheet |
| Stacking | Max 3 Layers | Per Movement | Inspection Report |
| Защита | UV Protected | Monthly | Condition Report |
12.2 Handling Specifications
| Operation | Оборудование | Procedure | Safety Requirements |
|---|---|---|---|
| Loading | Crane/Forklift | Standard Lift | PPE Required |
| Transport | Cushioned Rack | Secured Load | Load Testing |
| Unloading | Crane/Forklift | Controlled Lower | Safety Zone |
| Storage | Rack System | Organized Stack | Regular Inspection |
This comprehensive analysis of C95500 nickel aluminum bronze tubes provides detailed material standards and specifications for engineering, procurement, and quality control purposes. All specifications should be verified against current standards and specific project requirements.