1. Introduction

C95400 aluminum bronze is a widely used copper-based alloy valued for its excellent combination of strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance in industrial applications. This comprehensive analysis examines C95400 alongside its potential equivalent alternatives, providing procurement specialists, engineers, and materials selection professionals with detailed comparisons of chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing considerations, and cost-performance ratios. This guide aims to facilitate informed decision-making when sourcing materials for applications in marine, industrial equipment, valve components, and general engineering sectors.

2. C95400 Aluminum Bronze: Baseline Specifications

Table 1: Chemical Composition of C95400 Aluminum Bronze (%)

AlС участиемFePbMnNiА такжеZn
10.0-11.5Рем.2.5-4.500,05 макс.00,5 макс.1,5 макс.00,5 макс.0.8 max
11.0*83.0*4.0*-0.3*1.0*0.2*0.5*

*Nominal values

Table 2: Mechanical Properties of C95400 Aluminum Bronze

ИмуществоФормование и изгибЕд. изм
Предел прочности585-690МПа
Предел текучести240-310МПа
Удлинение12-20%
Твердость по Бринеллю150-190HB
Плотность7.45г / см³
Модуль упругости110ГПа
Формование и изгиб50W/m·K
Коэффициент температурного расширения16.4μm/m·K
Электрическая проводимость12% IACS

3. Direct Equivalent Alternatives to C95400

3.1 International Standard Equivalents

Table 3: International Standards Equivalents for C95400

СтранаСтандартОбозначениеEquivalence Level
Соединенные Штаты АмерикиАСТМАСША C95400Reference
ЕвропаНАCuAl11Fe4Высокий
ГерманияИЗCuAl10Fe3Средне-высокий
Соединенное КоролевствоBSАБ2Высокий
ЯпонияJISCAC406Средне-высокий
КитайГБZCuAl10Fe3Высокий
РоссияГОСТBrAZh 9-4Середина
МеждународныйISOCuAl10Fe3Средне-высокий

3.2 Chemical Composition Comparison

Table 4: Chemical Composition Comparison of C95400 and Its Direct Equivalents (%)

СплавСтандартAlС участиемFePbMnNiА такжеДругие
C95400АСТМА10.0-11.5Рем.2.5-4.500,05 макс.00,5 макс.1,5 макс.00,5 макс.Zn≤0.8
CuAl11Fe4НА10.0-12.0Рем.3,0-5,000,02 макс.2,0 макс.1,0 макс.0.6 maxZn≤0.5
АБ2BS10.0-11.5Рем.3,0-5,000,01 макс.1,5 макс.1,5 макс.0.4 макс.Zn≤0.5
CAC406JIS9,0-11,0Рем.2,0-4,000,05 макс.1,5 макс.1,0 макс.00,5 макс.Zn≤1.0
ZCuAl10Fe3ГБ9,0-11,0Рем.2.5-4.000,01 макс.00,5 макс.1,0 макс.0.3 макс.Zn≤0.5

3.3 Mechanical Properties Comparison

Table 5: Mechanical Properties Comparison of C95400 and Direct Equivalents

СплавПрочность на растяжение (МПа)Предел текучести (МПа)Удлинение (%)Твердость (HB)
C95400 (ASTM)585-690240-31012-20150-190
CuAl11Fe4 (EN)600-700250-32010-18160-200
АБ2 (БС)580-680240-30010-18150-190
CAC406 (JIS)550-650220-28012-22140-180
ZCuAl10Fe3 (GB)570-670230-30010-20145-185

4. Alternative Material Categories

4.1 Other Aluminum Bronze Grades

Table 6: Alternative Aluminum Bronze Grades Comparison

СплавUNS#Ал (%)Ключевые различияОтносительная стоимостьРейтинг производительности
C95500C9550010.5-11.5Contains Ni, higher strength110%Высокий
C95800C958008,5-9,5Higher Ni, better corrosion resistance120%Очень высоко
C95900C9590011.5-13.0Higher Al, increased hardness115%Высокий
C95700C9570011,0-12,0Contains Ni, higher strength115%Высокий
C63000C630009,0-11,0Higher Ni, superior strength130%Очень высоко

4.2 Other Bronze Alternatives

Table 7: Other Bronze Alternatives

СплавUNS#Key CompositionКлючевые свойстваCost Ratio to C95400Best Applications
С90300С90300Cu-Sn-ZnGood bearing properties, lower strength90%Low-pressure applications
C86300C86300Cu-Mn-Zn-FeHigh strength, lower corrosion resistance85%Wear applications
C93200C93200Cu-Sn-Pb-ZnExcellent bearing properties, lower strength80%Подшипники и втулки
C95200C95200Cu-Al-FeLower Al, improved ductility95%General components
C61300C61300Cu-Al-Fe-NiHigher strength, better corrosion125%Marine applications

4.3 Non-Copper Based Alternatives

Table 8: Non-Copper Based Alternative Materials

Material CategoryExample GradeComparative PerformanceCost RatioApplication Overlap
Ductile Iron65-45-12Higher strength, lower corrosion45%Середина
Углеродистая сталь1045Higher strength, poor corrosion40%Low-Medium
Нержавеющая сталь316Moderate strength, better corrosion85%Средне-высокий
Алюминиевый сплав7075-Т6Lower weight, less wear resistant80%Низкий
Никель Алюминий БронзаC95800Higher corrosion resistance, more costly120%Высокий

5. Cost-Performance Analysis

5.1 Relative Material Cost Index

Table 9: Relative Material Cost Index (C95400 = 100)

МатериалСтоимость сырьяСтоимость обработкиTotal Cost IndexCost Trend (2-Year)
C95400100100100Stable
CuAl11Fe4 (EN)95-10595-10595-105Stable
C95500105-115100-110103-113Slight increase
C95800115-125105-115110-120Increasing
С9030085-9590-10087-97Stable
316 SS80-9085-9582-92Volatile
Ductile Iron40-5045-5542-52Stable

5.2 Performance Rating by Application

Table 10: Performance Rating by Application (1-10 scale, 10=best)

МатериалMarine PumpsIndustrial ValvesGeneral BearingsWear ComponentsOverall Value Rating
C9540078887,8
CuAl11Fe478887,8
C9550088998,5
C9580099888,5
С9030067866,8
316 SS87666,8
Ductile Iron46765,8

6. Manufacturing Considerations

6.1 Processability Comparison

Table 11: Manufacturing Process Suitability (1-10 scale, 10=excellent)

МатериалЛитье в песокЦентробежное литьеКастинг по выплавляемым моделямОбрабатываемостьСвариваемостьHeat Treatment Response
C95400987757
CuAl11Fe4987757
C95500887658
C95800887668
С90300988876
316 SS678587
Ductile Iron975658

6.2 Supply Chain Considerations

Table 12: Supply Chain Factors

МатериалGlobal AvailabilityLead Time (weeks)Supplier DiversityPrice StabilityВозможность вторичной переработки
C95400Высокий3-5ВысокийСредне-высокийВысокий
CuAl11Fe4Высокий3-5ВысокийСредне-высокийВысокий
C95500Средне-высокий4-6Средне-высокийСерединаВысокий
C95800Середина5-8СерединаСерединаВысокий
С90300Очень высоко2-4Очень высокоВысокийВысокий
316 SSОчень высоко2-3Очень высокоСерединаОчень высоко
Ductile IronОчень высоко1-3Очень высокоВысокийОчень высоко

7. Application-Specific Equivalence

Table 13: Recommended Alternatives by Application

заявкаFirst ChoiceSecond ChoiceThird ChoiceKey Selection Factor
Marine pumpsC95800C95400316 SSУстойчивость к коррозии
Industrial valvesC95400C95500Ductile IronPressure/temperature rating
Износные пластиныC95400C95900C86300Abrasion resistance
Propeller componentsC95800C95400316 SSSeawater corrosion
Bearings/bushingsC95400C93200С90300Load capacity/wear
General gearsC95400C95500C63000Strength/durability
Hydraulic componentsC95400C95500316 SSPressure handling
Mining equipmentC95400Ductile IronC86300Durability/cost

8. Selection Methodology for Equivalent Materials

Table 14: Decision Matrix for Material Selection

Selection FactorМассаC95400CuAl11Fe4C95500C95800316 SSDuctile Iron
Mechanical strength20%778876
Устойчивость к коррозии20%778994
Обычно используемые марки бериллиевой меди следующие:15%889867
Экономическая эффективность15%887679
Обрабатываемость10%776656
Листовиденность10%998869
Доступность10%998799
Weighted Score100%7.707.707,857,757.156,75

9. Regional Market Availability and Pricing Trends

Table 15: Regional Availability and Price Variations

ОбластьC95400 AvailabilityPrice IndexLeading SuppliersImport Considerations
North AmericaОчень высоко100Concast Metals, Advance BronzeDomestic supply robust
ЕвропаВысокий105-110KME, WielandEU material certifications
КитайОчень высоко80-90Various foundriesQuality verification essential
ЯпонияСредне-высокий110-120Sambo, Mitsubishi MaterialsPremium quality, higher cost
ИндияВысокий85-95Multiple foundriesQuality consistency varies
Middle EastСередина115-125Mostly importedImport duties, longer lead times
АвстралияСередина110-120Regional distributorsTransport costs significant

Table 16: Five-Year Price Trend Analysis (Index: 2020=100)

ГодC95400C95500C95800316 SSCopper IndexAluminum Index
2020100100100100100100
2021120122125108125130
2022135138142116135145
2023128132138118130135
2024122125132112125130
2025*118122130110120125

*Projected values

10. Conclusion and Procurement Recommendations

C95400 aluminum bronze remains a versatile and widely used alloy for industrial applications requiring good strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion performance. The most direct equivalent alternatives are found in the European standard CuAl11Fe4 and the British standard AB2, which offer nearly identical performance characteristics with minimal cost variations.

For applications demanding superior corrosion resistance, particularly in seawater environments, C95800 nickel aluminum bronze offers significant performance advantages that may justify its 10-20% cost premium. For applications prioritizing wear resistance and strength, C95500 provides enhanced performance at a modest cost increase.

For procurement professionals, the following strategic recommendations apply:

  1. Match material selection precisely to application requirements to avoid over-specification and unnecessary costs
  2. Always request material certification documentation to verify composition and properties
  3. Consider total cost of ownership including maintenance cycles, not just initial purchase price
  4. For non-critical, moderate-wear applications in non-corrosive environments, evaluate ductile iron as a potential cost-saving alternative
  5. Maintain relationships with multiple suppliers to ensure competitive pricing and supply continuity
  6. Consider regional price variations when sourcing globally, particularly for large orders
  7. Monitor copper and aluminum commodity price trends as leading indicators of aluminum bronze price movements
  8. Develop standardized material equivalence tables for emergency substitutions

By carefully evaluating the equivalence factors presented in this analysis, procurement specialists and engineers can make informed decisions when selecting alternatives to C95400 aluminum bronze, balancing performance requirements with cost considerations and ensuring supply chain resilience.