High-Performance C95500 Nickel Aluminum Bronze Tubes: Comprehensive Material Standards Analysis

1. Introduction to C95500 Nickel Aluminum Bronze

C95500 is a premium grade nickel aluminum bronze alloy known for its exceptional strength, corrosion resistance, and reliability in demanding applications. This comprehensive analysis covers all aspects of material standards and specifications for C95500 tubes.

2. Chemical Composition Standards

2.1 Primary Composition Requirements

요소	구성 범위(%)	Preferred Range (%)	Effects on Properties
구리	78.0 – 82.0	80.0 – 81.0	Base metal, provides matrix structure
니켈(Ni)	3.0 – 5.5	4.0 – 5.0	Improves strength and corrosion resistance
알루미늄(Al)	8.2 – 9.5	8.5 – 9.0	Forms strengthening precipitates
철(Fe)	3.5 – 4.5	3.8 – 4.2	Enhances grain refinement
망간(Mn)	0.8 – 1.5	1.0 – 1.3	Improves deoxidation

2.2 Trace Element Limitations

요소	Maximum Limit (%)	Critical Control Point
실리콘(Si)	0.10	Affects fluidity
납(Pb)	0.03	Toxicity control
아연(Zn)	0.20	Dezincification resistance
인(P)	0.05	Grain refinement
유황(S)	0.05	Impurity control

3. Mechanical Properties Standards

3.1 Room Temperature Mechanical Properties

재산	최저한의	최고	테스트 방식
인장 강도(MPa)	650	790	ASTM E8
항복강도(MPa)	280	450	ASTM E8
신장률(%)	15	–	ASTM E8
Reduction in Area (%)	20	–	ASTM E8
경도(브리넬)	170	210	ASTM E10
Impact Strength (Joules)	34	–	ASTM E23

3.2 Elevated Temperature Properties

온도(°C)	인장 강도(MPa)	항복강도(MPa)	신장률(%)
20	720	350	15
100	680	330	16
200	630	300	18
300	550	270	20
400	450	230	22
500	350	180	25

4. Physical Properties Standards

4.1 Basic Physical Properties

재산	값	단위	테스트 방식
밀도	7.58	g/cm³	ASTM B311
녹는 범위	1045-1080	°C	DSC Analysis
비열	0.377	kJ/kg·K	ASTM E1269
열 전도성	45	W/m·K	ASTM E1530
전기 저항	12.8	μΩ·cm	ASTM B193
Magnetic Permeability	1.05	–	ASTM A342

4.2 Thermal Properties

재산	Temperature Range (°C)	값	단위
열팽창계수	20-100	16.2	μm/m·K
열팽창계수	20-200	16.8	μm/m·K
열팽창계수	20-300	17.3	μm/m·K
비열용량	20-100	0.377	kJ/kg·K
열확산율	20-100	15.8	mm²/s

5. Dimensional Standards

5.1 Standard Tube Dimensions

Nominal OD (mm)	Wall Thickness Options (mm)	Standard Lengths (m)	Weight (kg/m)
15.88 – 25.4	1.65, 2.11, 3.38	3, 6	0.6 – 1.8
31.75 – 50.8	2.11, 3.18, 4.78	3, 6	1.5 – 5.2
63.5 – 101.6	3.18, 4.78, 6.35	3, 6	4.8 – 15.3
114.3 – 219.1	4.78, 6.35, 12.7	3, 6	13.2 – 65.8
273.0 – 406.4	6.35, 12.7, 19.1	3, 6	41.5 – 182.6

5.2 Manufacturing Tolerances

치수	크기 범위	용인	Inspection Method
Outside Diameter	≤ 50mm	±0.25mm	Micrometer
Outside Diameter	> 50mm	±0.5%	Caliper
벽 두께	All	±10%	Ultrasonic
길이	All	+3mm, -0mm	Tape Measure
Straightness	All	1.5mm/m	Straightedge
Ovality	All	1% of OD	Dial Gauge

6. Surface Finish Requirements

6.1 Surface Finish Classifications

수업	Ra Value (μm)	애플리케이션	Inspection Method
Class A	0.4 – 0.8	Critical Flow	Profilometer
Class B	0.8 – 1.6	General Hydraulic	Visual + Measurement
Class C	1.6 – 3.2	Standard Industrial	Visual
Class D	3.2 – 6.3	Non-Critical	Visual

6.2 Surface Defect Tolerances

Defect Type	Maximum Allowable Depth	Maximum Length	Repair Method
Scratches	0.1mm	25mm	세련
Pits	0.2mm	3mm	Not Required
Dents	Not Allowed	–	Rejection
Tool Marks	0.05mm	10mm	세련

7. Quality Control Standards

7.1 Required Testing Procedures

테스트 유형	기준	빈도	Acceptance Criteria
화학 분석	ASTM E478	히트당	Within Composition Limits
인장 시험	ASTM E8	로트당	Meet Mechanical Properties
경도 테스트	ASTM E10	로트당	Within Specified Range
초음파 테스트	ASTM E213	100%	No Reportable Indications
Hydrostatic Testing	ASTM E498	100%	No Leakage
육안검사	ASTM B666	100%	No Visual Defects

7.2 Non-Destructive Testing Requirements

NDT Method	기준	Coverage	Acceptance Level
Ultrasonic	ASTM E213	100%	Class 1
Penetrant	ASTM E165	필요에 따라	Level 2
Radiographic	ASTM E1742	필요에 따라	Level 2
Eddy Current	ASTM E243	Optional	Class 1

8. Heat Treatment Standards

8.1 Heat Treatment Parameters

프로세스	Temperature Range (°C)	Time (Hours)	냉각방식
용액 어닐링	870-900	1-2	Water Quench
스트레스 풀기	350-400	2-3	Air Cool
노화경화	450-500	2-4	Air Cool
Homogenization	750-800	4-6	Furnace Cool

8.2 Post-Heat Treatment Properties

재산	As-Cast	풀린 솔루션	Age Hardened
인장 강도(MPa)	550-650	650-750	700-800
항복강도(MPa)	250-300	280-350	350-450
신장률(%)	12-15	15-18	10-15
경도(HB)	150-170	170-190	190-220

9. Corrosion Resistance Standards

9.1 Corrosion Rate Data

환경	온도(°C)	Corrosion Rate (mm/year)	테스트 방식
바닷물	20	0.025	ASTM G31
민물	20	0.013	ASTM G31
3% NaCl	20	0.028	ASTM G31
10% H₂SO₄	20	0.15	ASTM G31
산업적인 분위기	20	0.008	ASTM G50

9.2 Galvanic Compatibility

Coupled Material	Galvanic Potential (mV)	Compatibility Rating
316 스테인레스 스틸	+50	좋은
탄소강	-300	가난한
모넬 400	+30	훌륭한
티탄	+200	공정한
알루미늄 청동	-20	훌륭한

10. Industry-Specific Standards

10.1 Marine Industry Requirements

기준	Organization	요구 사항	애플리케이션
NACE MR0175	NACE	Sour Service	난바다 쪽으로 부는
DNV-GL Rules	DNV-GL	Marine Grade	Shipbuilding
ABS Rules	ABS	Marine Grade	Naval Vessels
Lloyd’s Register	LR	Marine Grade	Commercial Marine

10.2 Pressure Equipment Standards

기준	지역	Pressure Rating	온도 범위
ASME B31.3	국제적인	Class 150-300	-29°C to 260°C
PED 2014/68/EU	X40CrMoV5-1 열간 가공 공구강은 다양한 응용 분야와 전 세계적으로 사용됩니다.	Category I-IV	-10°C to 200°C
AS1210	호주	Class 150-300	-20°C to 200°C
JIS B8285	일본	K10-K20	-10°C to 200°C

11. Certification Requirements

11.1 Material Certification Types

인증서 유형	기준	콘텐츠	애플리케이션
3.1 Certificate	EN 10204	Chemical & Mechanical	기준
3.2 Certificate	EN 10204	Third Party Verified	Critical Service
Type Test	ASTM A450	Production Testing	Qualification
PMI Certificate	ASTM E1916	Material Verification	Special Cases

11.2 Quality System Requirements

체계	기준	범위	Audit Frequency
ISO 9001	품질 관리	Full System	Annual
ISO 14001	Environmental	환경 적 영향	Annual
ISO 45001	안전	Occupational Health	Annual
API Q1	Oil & Gas	Product Quality	Biennial

12. Storage and Handling Standards

12.1 Storage Requirements

측면	요구 사항	Monitoring	선적 서류 비치
온도	10-30°C	일일	Log Sheet
습기	<60% RH	일일	Log Sheet
Stacking	Max 3 Layers	Per Movement	Inspection Report
보호	UV Protected	월간 간행물	Condition Report

12.2 Handling Specifications

작업	장비	Procedure	Safety Requirements
Loading	Crane/Forklift	Standard Lift	PPE Required
Transport	Cushioned Rack	Secured Load	Load Testing
Unloading	Crane/Forklift	Controlled Lower	Safety Zone
Storage	Rack System	Organized Stack	Regular Inspection

This comprehensive analysis of C95500 nickel aluminum bronze tubes provides detailed material standards and specifications for engineering, procurement, and quality control purposes. All specifications should be verified against current standards and specific project requirements.