1. Introduction

C95400 aluminum bronze is a widely used copper-based alloy valued for its excellent combination of strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion resistance in industrial applications. This comprehensive analysis examines C95400 alongside its potential equivalent alternatives, providing procurement specialists, engineers, and materials selection professionals with detailed comparisons of chemical composition, mechanical properties, manufacturing considerations, and cost-performance ratios. This guide aims to facilitate informed decision-making when sourcing materials for applications in marine, industrial equipment, valve components, and general engineering sectors.

2. C95400 Aluminum Bronze: Baseline Specifications

Table 1: Chemical Composition of C95400 Aluminum Bronze (%)

와 함께미네소타Ni그리고아연
10.0-11.5렘.2.5-4.50최대 .050최대 0.5최대 1.50최대 0.50.8 max
11.0*83.0*4.0*0.3*1.0*0.2*0.5*

*Nominal values

Table 2: Mechanical Properties of C95400 Aluminum Bronze

재산구상화 소둔 및 연화 처리
인장 강도585-690MPa
항복 강도240-310MPa
연장12-20%
브리넬 경도150-190HB
밀도7.45g/cm³
탄성계수110평점
열 전도성50W/m·K
열팽창 계수16.4μm/m·K
전기 전도도12% IACS

3. Direct Equivalent Alternatives to C95400

3.1 International Standard Equivalents

Table 3: International Standards Equivalents for C95400

국가기준지정Equivalence Level
미국천식미국 C95400Reference
X40CrMoV5-1 열간 가공 공구강은 다양한 응용 분야와 전 세계적으로 사용됩니다.CuAl11Fe4높은
독일에서CuAl10Fe3중간-높음
영국학사AB2높은
일본JISCAC406중간-높음
중국GBZCuAl10Fe3높은
러시아고스트BrAZh 9-4중간
국제적인ISOCuAl10Fe3중간-높음

3.2 Chemical Composition Comparison

Table 4: Chemical Composition Comparison of C95400 and Its Direct Equivalents (%)

합금기준와 함께미네소타Ni그리고기타
C95400천식10.0-11.5렘.2.5-4.50최대 .050최대 0.5최대 1.50최대 0.5Zn≤0.8
CuAl11Fe410.0-12.0렘.3.0-5.000.02 최대최대 2.0최대 1.00.6 maxZn≤0.5
AB2학사10.0-11.5렘.3.0-5.00최대 0.01최대 1.5최대 1.50최대 0.4Zn≤0.5
CAC406JIS9.0-11.0렘.2.0-4.00최대 .05최대 1.5최대 1.00최대 0.5Zn≤1.0
ZCuAl10Fe3GB9.0-11.0렘.2.5-4.00최대 0.010최대 0.5최대 1.00최대 0.3Zn≤0.5

3.3 Mechanical Properties Comparison

Table 5: Mechanical Properties Comparison of C95400 and Direct Equivalents

합금인장 강도(MPa)항복강도(MPa)신장률(%)경도(HB)
C95400 (ASTM)585-690240-31012-20150-190
CuAl11Fe4 (EN)600-700250-32010-18160-200
AB2 (BS)580-680240-30010-18150-190
CAC406 (JIS)550-650220-28012-22140-180
ZCuAl10Fe3 (GB)570-670230-30010-20145-185

4. Alternative Material Categories

4.1 Other Aluminum Bronze Grades

Table 6: Alternative Aluminum Bronze Grades Comparison

합금UNS#Al (%)주요 차이점상대 비용Performance Rating
C95500C9550010.5-11.5Contains Ni, higher strength110%높은
C95800C958008.5-9.5Higher Ni, better corrosion resistance120%매우 높음
C95900C9590011.5-13.0Higher Al, increased hardness115%높은
C95700C9570011.0-12.0Contains Ni, higher strength115%높은
C63000C630009.0-11.0Higher Ni, superior strength130%매우 높음

4.2 Other Bronze Alternatives

Table 7: Other Bronze Alternatives

합금UNS#Key Composition주요 속성Cost Ratio to C95400Best Applications
C90300C90300Cu-Sn-ZnGood bearing properties, lower strength90%Low-pressure applications
C86300C86300Cu-Mn-Zn-FeHigh strength, lower corrosion resistance85%Wear applications
C93200C93200Cu-Sn-Pb-ZnExcellent bearing properties, lower strength80%베어링 및 부싱
C95200C95200Cu-Al-FeLower Al, improved ductility95%General components
C61300C61300Cu-Al-Fe-NiHigher strength, better corrosion125%Marine applications

4.3 Non-Copper Based Alternatives

Table 8: Non-Copper Based Alternative Materials

Material CategoryExample GradeComparative PerformanceCost RatioApplication Overlap
Ductile Iron65-45-12Higher strength, lower corrosion45%중간
탄소강1045Higher strength, poor corrosion40%Low-Medium
스테인레스 스틸316Moderate strength, better corrosion85%중간-높음
알루미늄 합금7075-T6Lower weight, less wear resistant80%낮은
니켈 알루미늄 청동C95800Higher corrosion resistance, more costly120%높은

5. Cost-Performance Analysis

5.1 Relative Material Cost Index

Table 9: Relative Material Cost Index (C95400 = 100)

재료원자재 비용처리 비용Total Cost IndexCost Trend (2-Year)
C95400100100100Stable
CuAl11Fe4 (EN)95-10595-10595-105Stable
C95500105-115100-110103-113Slight increase
C95800115-125105-115110-120Increasing
C9030085-9590-10087-97Stable
316 SS80-9085-9582-92Volatile
Ductile Iron40-5045-5542-52Stable

5.2 Performance Rating by Application

Table 10: Performance Rating by Application (1-10 scale, 10=best)

재료Marine PumpsIndustrial ValvesGeneral BearingsWear ComponentsOverall Value Rating
C9540078887.8
CuAl11Fe478887.8
C9550088998.5
C9580099888.5
C9030067866.8
316 SS87666.8
Ductile Iron46765.8

6. Manufacturing Considerations

6.1 Processability Comparison

Table 11: Manufacturing Process Suitability (1-10 scale, 10=excellent)

재료Sand CastingCentrifugal CastingInvestment Casting가공성용접성Heat Treatment Response
C95400987757
CuAl11Fe4987757
C95500887658
C95800887668
C90300988876
316 SS678587
Ductile Iron975658

6.2 Supply Chain Considerations

Table 12: Supply Chain Factors

재료Global AvailabilityLead Time (weeks)Supplier DiversityPrice Stability재활용성
C95400높은3-5높은중간-높음높은
CuAl11Fe4높은3-5높은중간-높음높은
C95500중간-높음4-6중간-높음중간높은
C95800중간5-8중간중간높은
C90300매우 높음2-4매우 높음높은높은
316 SS매우 높음2-3매우 높음중간매우 높음
Ductile Iron매우 높음1-3매우 높음높은매우 높음

7. Application-Specific Equivalence

Table 13: Recommended Alternatives by Application

애플리케이션First ChoiceSecond ChoiceThird ChoiceKey Selection Factor
Marine pumpsC95800C95400316 SS내식성
Industrial valvesC95400C95500Ductile IronPressure/temperature rating
플레이트 착용C95400C95900C86300Abrasion resistance
Propeller componentsC95800C95400316 SSSeawater corrosion
Bearings/bushingsC95400C93200C90300Load capacity/wear
General gearsC95400C95500C63000Strength/durability
Hydraulic componentsC95400C95500316 SSPressure handling
Mining equipmentC95400Ductile IronC86300Durability/cost

8. Selection Methodology for Equivalent Materials

Table 14: Decision Matrix for Material Selection

Selection Factor무게C95400CuAl11Fe4C95500C95800316 SSDuctile Iron
Mechanical strength20%778876
내식성20%778994
내마모성15%889867
Cost-effectiveness15%887679
가공성10%776656
Castability10%998869
유효성10%998799
Weighted Score100%7.707.707.857.757.156.75

9. Regional Market Availability and Pricing Trends

Table 15: Regional Availability and Price Variations

지역C95400 AvailabilityPrice IndexLeading SuppliersImport Considerations
North America매우 높음100Concast Metals, Advance BronzeDomestic supply robust
X40CrMoV5-1 열간 가공 공구강은 다양한 응용 분야와 전 세계적으로 사용됩니다.높은105-110KME, WielandEU material certifications
중국매우 높음80-90Various foundriesQuality verification essential
일본중간-높음110-120Sambo, Mitsubishi MaterialsPremium quality, higher cost
인도높은85-95Multiple foundriesQuality consistency varies
Middle East중간115-125Mostly importedImport duties, longer lead times
호주중간110-120Regional distributorsTransport costs significant

Table 16: Five-Year Price Trend Analysis (Index: 2020=100)

년도C95400C95500C95800316 SSCopper IndexAluminum Index
2020100100100100100100
2021120122125108125130
2022135138142116135145
2023128132138118130135
2024년122125132112125130
2025*118122130110120125

*Projected values

10. Conclusion and Procurement Recommendations

C95400 aluminum bronze remains a versatile and widely used alloy for industrial applications requiring good strength, wear resistance, and moderate corrosion performance. The most direct equivalent alternatives are found in the European standard CuAl11Fe4 and the British standard AB2, which offer nearly identical performance characteristics with minimal cost variations.

For applications demanding superior corrosion resistance, particularly in seawater environments, C95800 nickel aluminum bronze offers significant performance advantages that may justify its 10-20% cost premium. For applications prioritizing wear resistance and strength, C95500 provides enhanced performance at a modest cost increase.

For procurement professionals, the following strategic recommendations apply:

  1. Match material selection precisely to application requirements to avoid over-specification and unnecessary costs
  2. Always request material certification documentation to verify composition and properties
  3. Consider total cost of ownership including maintenance cycles, not just initial purchase price
  4. For non-critical, moderate-wear applications in non-corrosive environments, evaluate ductile iron as a potential cost-saving alternative
  5. Maintain relationships with multiple suppliers to ensure competitive pricing and supply continuity
  6. Consider regional price variations when sourcing globally, particularly for large orders
  7. Monitor copper and aluminum commodity price trends as leading indicators of aluminum bronze price movements
  8. Develop standardized material equivalence tables for emergency substitutions

By carefully evaluating the equivalence factors presented in this analysis, procurement specialists and engineers can make informed decisions when selecting alternatives to C95400 aluminum bronze, balancing performance requirements with cost considerations and ensuring supply chain resilience.