Einführung
Inconel and Titanium alloys are high-performance materials crucial in modern engineering. This comparison explores their key characteristics, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, temperature performance, and industry applications. By examining these aspects, we aim to provide a comprehensive guide for engineers and designers in material selection.
Chemical Composition (Example Alloys)
| nach Extrusionsabschrecken und künstlicher Alterung HBS≥80 | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 (Ti-6Al-4V) |
|---|---|---|
| Nickel | 50-55 % | – |
| nach Extrusionsabschrecken und künstlicher Alterung HBS≥80 | 17–21 % | – |
| nach Extrusionsabschrecken und künstlicher Alterung HBS≥80 | Balance | 0.40 % max |
| nach Extrusionsabschrecken und künstlicher Alterung HBS≥80 | 0.65-1.15% | Balance |
| Aluminium | 0.20-0.80% | 5.5-6.75% |
| Vanadium | – | 3.5-4.5% |
| Molybdän | 2.80-3.30% | – |
| Niobium | 4.75-5.50% | – |
Mechanische Eigenschaften
| Eigentum | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Zugfestigkeit (MPa) | 1240-1450 | 895-1000 |
| Streckgrenze (MPa) | 1036-1167 | 828-910 |
| Dehnung (%) | 12-21 | 10-15 |
| Härte (Brinell) | 331-415 | 334-363 |
Leistung bei verschiedenen Temperaturen
| Temperatur | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Raumtemp | Excellent strength and ductility | Hohes Verhältnis von Festigkeit zu Gewicht |
| 200 Grad | Maintains strength | Slight decrease in strength |
| 400 Grad | Still strong | Significant strength reduction |
| 600 Grad | Good strength retention | Nicht empfohlen |
| 800°C+ | Can still be used | Not suitable |
Branchenanwendungen
| Industrie | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Luft- und Raumfahrt | Turbine blades, exhaust systems | Airframe structures, engine parts |
| Automobil | Turbocharger rotors | Valves, connecting rods |
| Beschreibung des Werkzeugstahls P20 | Pressure vessels, heat exchangers | Pumps, valves |
| Oil & Gas | Wellhead components | Offshore applications |
| Medical | – | Implants, surgical instruments |
Shape and Size Availability
| Form | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Blatt | ✓ | ✓ |
| Teller | ✓ | ✓ |
| Bar | ✓ | ✓ |
| Kabel | ✓ | ✓ |
| Rohr | ✓ | ✓ |
| Schmieden | ✓ | ✓ |
| Powder | ✓ | ✓ |
Produktionsstandards
| Standard | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| ASTHMA | B637, B670 | B348, B381 |
| AMS | 5662, 5664 | 4911, 4928 |
| WIE ICH | SB-637, SB-670 | SB-265, SB-348 |
International Standards and Grades
| Land | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Vereinigte Staaten von Amerika | UNS N07718 | UNS R56400 |
| Deutschland | 2.4668 | 3.7165 |
| Japan | NCF 718 | Ti-6Al-4V |
| China | GH4169 | TA15 |
Schweißeigenschaften
| Aspekt | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Schweißbarkeit | Gut | Good, but requires shielding |
| Bevorzugte Methoden | TIG, MIG, Electron Beam | TIG, Electron Beam |
| Post-weld Heat Treatment | Often required | Usually not required |
Processing and Heat Treatment
| Verfahren | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Bearbeitung | Difficult, special tools needed | Moderate difficulty |
| Die Materialauswahl obliegt dem Kunden | Can be formed at room temp | Often formed at elevated temp |
| Wärmebehandlung | Solution + Age hardening | Annealing, Solution treating |
| Kaltumformung | Begrenzt | Mäßig |
Polieren
| Aspekt | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Polishability | Gut | Exzellent |
| Methods | Mechanisch, Elektropolieren | Mechanical, Chemical |
Vorteile und Nachteile
| Aspekt | Inconel 718 | Titanium Grade 5 |
|---|---|---|
| Vorteile | • High-temp strength • Corrosion resistance • Creep resistance | • High strength-to-weight ratio • Biocompatibility • Corrosion resistance |
| Hüttenmaschinen und andere produzierende Unternehmen WuSteel kooperieren bei der Herstellung von Baggern | • Expensive • Difficult to machine • Heavy | • Expensive • Limited high-temp use • Galling tendency |
Ähnliche Produkte und Vergleich
| Eigentum | Inconel 718 | Hastelloy X | Titanium Gr.5 | Ti-3Al-2.5V |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Strength (MPa) | 1240-1450 | 760 | 895-1000 | 620 |
| Max Temp (°C) | 700 | 1000 | 400 | 400 |
| Dichte (g/cm³) | 8.19 | 8.22 | 4.43 | 4.48 |
| Kosten | Hoch | Sehr hoch | Hoch | Mäßig |
| Bearbeitbarkeit | Arm | Arm | Mäßig | Gut |
Fazit
This comparison highlights the distinct advantages of Inconel and Titanium alloys. Inconel excels in high-temperature strength and corrosion resistance, ideal for aerospace and chemical industries. Titanium alloys offer superior strength-to-weight ratios and biocompatibility, finding applications in aerospace and medical fields.
Choosing between these materials depends on specific requirements such as operating temperature, strength needs, weight constraints, and corrosion resistance. As material science advances, both will likely see further improvements and new applications.
When selecting materials, consider all relevant factors including performance requirements, cost-effectiveness, and processing challenges. Consult with material suppliers and experts for the most current data and advice.
This overview serves as a starting point for material selection. Always refer to specific grade properties and conduct thorough testing for critical applications. As industries continue to evolve, understanding and correctly applying these high-performance materials will remain essential for driving innovation and technological progress.